Radiator.



Patented Feb.25,1919.

F. w/xEfGAN.

RADfATOR.

APPLICATmN FiLED Nov. s. 1915.

WT/VESSES FRANCIS w. KEEGAN, or Nnwomz, N. Y., Assis-Noa 'ro D. MORA Livmes'ron, or

New Yoan, n. Y..

RADIATOR.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANCIS lll'. KEEGAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the 4county and State ciz New York, have invented a new and Improved Radiator, of which the following is a full, ,clear, and exact description.

verse 'to the general' direction of the water the parts of which may be readily assembled in proper relation with convenience and despatch -and without any danger of collapsing orV crushing the walls of thewater tubes; second, the radiatingefficiency is increased by increasing the number of radiating elements between the vwater tubes and increasing the radiating members appurtenant to the water tubesat veach corrugation thereof;

third, the walls' of the water tubes are formed of. sheetl elements of corresponding shape so that the elements are interchangeable to form either wallv in making up a radiator, and, also, the same elements may be employed, in oneform of the invention,-

to lconstitute one of the intervening radiating elements; fourth, a radiator of minimum weight isv produced. f

Reference is to be had to the accompanying-drawings forming a part of this specification in which similar reference characters my invention in accordance with the illustrated example, a suitable-frame 10 may be provided having, 'in practice,l the usual un- Specification of Letters Patent.

Ila'tented Feb. 25, 1919.

Application led November 6, 1915. Serial No. 59,946.

per and lower tanks or boxes between vwhich angular corrugated water tubesll are provided, each corrugation presenting three sides of a hexagon; ltogether withsimilarly corrugated intermediate radiating elements 12 and 1S. there being two radiating elements in theform ci plates between adja- The arrangement recent water tubes 11. sults in a design presenting hexagonal cells.

The walls 14 ol each water tube 11'are alike consisting of .a plate formed with angular corrugaticns so that each corrugation presents three sides, there being a vertical intermediate side and diif'erging sides atV the upper and lower ends of the vertical side. On each wall 14 are formed radiating fins 15, all of said lins being at one side of the plate. there being a n iat each salient angle at that side of the plate. The respective fins 15 are formed by folding the plate on itself and they are disposed at the upper and lower ends of alternate Vertical members of the corrugations. The adjacent tins 15 are at such angles as to constitute two sides of' a hexagon. Thus. alternate tins are disposed respectively at an angle to the horizontal, thatis to say, considering adjacent salients Vat a given side of the plate. the fins thereof,

number of radiatiiner fins.

It is to be observed that of the two radiating elements 1Q. 13. intervening between each pair of water tubes 11. the one plate 12 has angular corrugations corresponding with those of a wall 14 of a water tube and has radiating fins 16 disposed in thc same angular relation as the fins 15 on a wall 14. In practice. the element 12 may be identical with a wall 14, though I prefer to form on the plate constituting the element 12. members 17 atvthe opposite side of the plate from the fins 1G and at the salients presented by the angular eorrugations. The members 17 are produced by slitting the material of the plate 12 and pressing the members out alternately in oppositedirections wherebythey will. in effect. produce-at each salient a V gro-etc to receive the terminal of the adjacent 1in i5 ot a. water tube. The plate gated form, said element being without any radiating fins. The element 13 may have at each salient, and at both sides, members 18 corresponding with the members 17, the said members 18 at one sideof the plate, receiv-- ing the vtins l5 of the adjacent water tube 11 and the corresponding members 18 at the opposite side of the plate 13 receiving the fins 16 of the other radiating element 12.

.It will be observed, view for instance a transverse line such as the section line .3-3, Fig. 2,' that vertical members of the cellular structure are disposed in parallel relation' without intervening horizontal members, and

by reason of this the walls 14 of the water tubes as .wellas both the radiatingplates, 12, ,13, in assembling the radiator, may be laid side by side in what is known as an assembling comb, that is in an assembling.

device presenting parallelve'rtical ribs or flanges having transverse slots to receive the said vertical members of the walls 14 and platesl 12 and 13. In this way the various assembled elements are held without any danger of crushing during the soldering process.

lWith the described arrangement it will be seen that two water tubes and two intervening radiating plates form together three continuous undulating rows of cells yrunning lengthwise with the water tubes, the cells in each row being directly juxtaposed and -not yseparated by the cells of other rows; the

arrangementthus presents `overlapping straight rows of three cells each, transverse to the water tubes. This form results in giving thel radiator the minimum weight and a maximum number of radiating members appurtenant to and between each pair -of water tubes.l The radiating efliciency will be apparent from the-fact that the maximum number of fins 15 are provided on the water tubes and are disposed at every juncture of the sides presented by a depression, that is to say, at the point where 'the lwater is checked or impeded by a change of direction. Again, the total radiating area presented by the ns practically equals the total water contacting area presented by the walls ot' the tubes. Moreover, it will be seen that the adjacent or contacting members lof the tworadiating plates, 12, 13, jointly form a dividing corrugated vertical wall or partition at the center, the said dividing wall or partition beit a made up as follows, to .wit:` those alternate vertical members of'plate 12 that are out of contact with the iins 15 of the adjacent water tube 11; the said ins 16; and

those alternate members of the plate 13 that are not in Contact with the fins 15 of the adjacent water tube 11. An important result of this arrangement is that in addition to the ldirect radiating Aarea of the `iins on `the tubes, these fins serve to conduct the heat 4to the described dividing wall or partition formed by the plates 12, 13, which is required to radiate only this heat which is conducted to it by the fins 15.-4 There is thus .what may be termed a three-stage radiation, first', the direct radiation from the walls 14 'and ins115 of the.water tube; second, the radiation from the membersof the radiating.

elements 12,13 that are indirect contact with the tins l5; and third, the radiation from the fins 16 and those members of the elements 12, 13 that are out of direct contact withl the ns 15. v

Notwithstanding'that the maximum number of radiating elements are employed, the number of water tubes in a radiator of given size is notvvery materially reduced because with the angular disposition of the several fins 15, 16,' oblique to the faces on which they are formed, the ytwo radiating elements .12, 13, with the fins 15, 16, `occupy the minimum space between the water tubes, this space being appreciably less than would be occupied were two radiating elements interposed between tubes with fins of equal size |with the oblique fins, but 'disposed horizontally, ythat is to say, at right angles to the general di-- rection of the tubes and hence presentingv the maximum lateral projection.

In Fig'. 5 is shown a modification of the radiator; In this construction, however, the water tubes 11 with theirwalls 14 having fins 15 are the same as in the first described construction. The radiating elements, 'however,'are modified. Instead lof there being fins `onone element as 12 and the-other element made without fins, the elements 12, 13a,

corresponding with theelements 12, 13 are formed alike, the fins being formed on the opposed faces of said elements and the iins element 12EL may have at oth sides members 17a produced thereon corresponding with the members 17 and formed and disposed to receive at one side the lijns 15 of the adjacent water tube 411 and 'at the opposite side to receive the ns 13b on the element- 13a. Also,

the said element 13a may have members 18"- corresponding with the members 18 and disposed at both sides of said element to respectively'receii-'e thc adjacent fins 15 and the ns'16a of element 12a.

Amongthe.advantages of the construction shown in Fig. 5, are: the employment of the sameform of plate to constitute the elements 12, 13a, said plates being simply reversed in assembling the radiator; and secondly, the radiation is equal at both tubes 'of a pair since the adjacent radiating elements are messie sides .of a hexagon` said element having rardiating lins disposed thereon at one face of the element, there being a fin at each salient j of said element at said face and oblique to the general plane of said element to present at each corrugation two sides'of. a hexagon and *fo-rm; at' alternate corrugations presented by saidface, and jointly with the members of the latter, three and five sides ofV hexagonal c'ells respectively at said alternate corrugations.

2. In a cellular radiator, a pair of water.

tubes having angular corrugations, each corrugation presenting threesides of a hexagon-and a pair of radiating elements forming with the tubes three rows of cells, said elementshaving angular corrugations, each corrugatlon presenting three sides of a hexagon, the outer wall of each tube having .radiating fins at each salient angle, adjacent nsbeing-oblique to the l,faces of the tubes and constltuting two sides of a heXagon, said .element having on the opposed faces thereof :tins forming each a side ofA a hexagonal cell, the fins of the respective elements alternating andv being oblique to the said faces.

3. In ar'adiator Nhaving hexagonal cells, apair of corrugated Awater tubes and an intermediate radiating unit formed of two plates, each tube wall adjacent to said unit having radiating fins thereon at each salient thereof and oblique to the general planes of the tubes, 4the said radiating unit having fins projecting from salients thereof oblique to the general plane of said unit, the walls of thetube with the radiating fins Vthereon forming jointly with the intermediate radiating unit and the fins of the .lat-

.ter, three continuous undulating rows of air cells lengthwise of the water tubes, the

`cells in each row being juxtaposed, the

l laterally adjacent cells in the respective undulating rows forming overlapping rows of three cells each in alinement transversely of the water tubes.

4. A radiator having' hexagonal cells and including corrugated water tubes, and an intermediate radiating unit between each pair of tubes and composed of two plates forming .with `laid tubes three undulating at the opposite sides of `said radiating unit being each folded on itself at each salient thereof to form radiating insoblique to the general planes of the tubes and radiating plates, to form at lone corrugation of a tube two diverging walls of a cell, and form at the neXt following' corrugation of said tube two comferging walls of a cell,.t.liere being additional fins on the radiating unit at salients thereof, the said unit with the said ns thereof forming the remaining walls of the' cells of the three rows.

5. In a rad-iator, corrugated Water tubes and an intermediate radiating unit between each pair of water tubes andconsisting of two corrugated radiating elements ,together lwith-radiating fins at salients of said tubes and unit, each pair of tubes and the said.

to jointly form with the respective fins, three continuous undulating rows of air cells lengthwise with the water tubes, the said tins of the unit and the fins of the tubes forming cell walls independently of the other members-of said unit and tubes.

7. A radiator including a water tube having corrugations therein presenting angularly disposed members, fins at the salients of opposed faces of ladjacent tubes, Said-fins forming each awall of a cell independently of the members presented by said corrugationsl and a radiating unit composed of a pair of radiating elements having corrugations presenting angularly disposed members, said unit having radiating fins at salients thereof forming each a wall of a coll independently of the angularly disposed members presented by, the corrugations and extending from one 'element' to a Contact with the other element of the unit, the said elements forming, together with the tubes and their fins, the complete walls of cells independently of the l'ins of said elements, and said elements and the fins thereof forming additional complete cells independently of said tubes and the {ins of the latter.

S. A radiator including water tubes haying corrugations therein presenting angu- .larly disposed members, the depressions presented by a given face of one tube being in horizontal alinement with the depressions presented bv the corresponding face of an adjacent tooth, the members presented .byt each of said depressions in the respective tubes representing three sides of a hexagonal cell, ins at the salients of opposed faces of` adjacent tubes, said ins forming each an additional Wall of a hexagonal cell; and a radieting unit composed of a pair of radiating elements having corrugations presenting angularly disposed members, said unit having radiating fins forming each a Wall of a A .hexagonal cell and each extending from one element of the unit at a salient thereof to a contact with the other element, the said elements forming,V together with the tubes A and their fins, complete hexagonal cells in- 15 In testimony whereof I lhave signed my 20 naine to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses FRANCIS W. KEEGAN.- Witnesses:

. JOHN L. ARD, T. F. McGUmE. 

